Sui

Time factors

	Protocol time	Human readable time
Protocol time 1	Checkpoint	2 seconds
Protocol time 2	Epoch	24 hours
First reward delay	1 epoch	24 hours
Reward frequency	At the end of every epoch	24 hours
Unbonding period	N/A	-

Lifecycle

Must know before staking

Minimum stake amount	❌
Partial stake changes	❌
Partial reward withdrawal	❌
Compounding	✅
Penalty	❌
Slashing	❌

• Unstaking transactions are processed at the end of each epoch. If Alice requests to unstake in epoch M, her stake will become transferrable in epoch M+1. She will not earn any staking rewards for epoch M.

• Rewards are added directly to the staking balance of stakers.

Advanced topics

General

• Transaction fees. The protocol requires users to pay two separate transaction fees to use the network: computation fees and storage fees.

  • The computation fees are determined by validators who submit a reference gas price every epoch. The paid computation fees are distributed to stakers.

  • The storage fees are determined through governance. The storage fees are accrued to a storage fund.

• Storage fund. The storage fund earns staking rewards like other stakers. A portion of the staking rewards earned are distributed to validators, while the rest gets deposited back into the storage fund.

Rewards

• Rewards come from reward subsidies, computation fees and storage fund.

  • Reward subsidies. The protocol has a separate reward subsidy pool that distributes rewards to stakers.

  • Computation fees. Any computation fees paid on transactions are distributed to stakers.

  • Storage fund. The storage fund receives staking rewards like other stakers. A portion of the staking rewards are distributed to validators, while the rest gets deposited back into the storage fund.

• Factors that impact realized rewards.

  • Commissions.

Risks

• Tallying rule. Validators are expected to evaluate other validators’ performance for each epoch. These scores will become the basis for penalizing or slashing underperforming validators. This mechanism is not enforced at the protocol level and is enforced through social consensus.

Validators

Total validator cap	✅	150
Validator requirements	✅	30,000,000 SUI

• A validator needs 30 million SUI staked to initially join the active validator set. Afterwards, the validator must maintain a minimum of 20 million SUI staked.

• Validators are tasked with submitting a reference gas price that users will need to pay to submit transactions in the following epoch.

Resources

• Sui documentation: https://docs.sui.io/

• Sui explorer: https://explorer.sui.io/